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-
- 3
-
- HOW TO INSTALL YOUR SOFTWARE
-
- Now that you have installed the WD1004A-WX1 hardware, you need to install the
- software that tells your computer how to use the hardware.
-
- Software Installation Summary
-
- The software installation consists of the following three procedures:
-
- Low Level Format
-
- use either pre-selected configuration (factory default
- drive table) or
-
- dynamic configuration
-
- Partition Hard Disk
-
- use DOS FDISK utility program
-
- High Level Format
-
- use DOS FORMAT utility program
-
-
- You will find it easier to install the WD1004A-WX1 software, if you first read
- the complete set of instructions and determine beforehand which installation
- path you are going to use. During the low level format, you decide whether to
- use the pre-selected configuration or the dynamic configuration.
-
- The pre-selected configuration uses a factory default drive table. A drive
- table contains characteristics, which describe the hard disk to the computer.
- The factory default drive table supplied on the WD1004A-WX1 board has the
- characteristics for a 21MB drive. See Table1-1 on page 1-2.
-
- Alternately, during the low level format, you can choose the dynamic
- configuration. The dynamic configuration is a process whereby you type the disk
- characteristics of your hard disk drive into the computer rather than using a
- pre-set drive table.
-
- If you use the dynamic configuration, you need to locate and enter parameters
- for the drive. You will also need to decide whether to do a virtual split. Your
- software installation ends by using the DOS utilities: FDISK and FORMAT.
-
- Where the instructions require you to shift between the text in this chapter
- and the Appendix, step numbers are kept consistent in both sections.
-
- CAUTION
-
- Do NOT start the low level format until you have a backup copy of the
- information on your hard disk. This warning usually applies to previously used
- hard disks.
-
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- When you have a new hard disk, you usually do not have information to backup
- except in the case where your dealer installs some applications software on
- your unit.
-
- **************************************************************************
- START LOW LEVEL FORMAT
- **************************************************************************
-
- Before you start, place a DOS startup diskette in your computer and turn the
- power to your computer ON. Then proceed to the A> prompt.
-
- See your DOS manual if you need help getting to the > prompt.
-
- 1. At the A> prompt, place a diskette with the Debug program
- in drive A, then
-
- Type: DEBUG
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- 2. At the debug prompt (-),
-
- Type: g=c800:5
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- 3. The low level format program displays the following:
-
- Super Bios Formatter II Rev.1.0 (C) Copyright Western
- Digital Corp.1988
-
- Current Drive is C:, Select new Drive or RETURN for current.
-
-
- Go to either step 3A or step 3B.
-
-
- 3A. Drive C is your first drive. To remain at C
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- Now go to step 3C.
-
- 3B. Drive D is your second drive. To change the drive from C to D
-
- Type: D
- Press <Enter>
-
- This changes the drive you will format. Now go to step 3C.
-
- 3C. The system displays the following:
-
- Current Interleave is 3, Select new Interleave or
- RETURN for current.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- Go to either step 3D or 3E. See Appendix A for explanation
- of interleave.
-
- 3D. To change the current interleave value, type a new value and
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- 3E. To keep the current interleave value
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- 4. The following displays:
-
- Are you dynamically configuring the drive - answer Y/N
-
- At this point you need to make a selection.
-
- If you have a 21MB drive whose parameters are the same as those in Table 1-1,
- then go to section "Use Pre-Selected Configuration."
-
- All other drives, go to section "Use Dynamic Configuration."
-
- **************************************************************************
- USE PRE-SELECTED CONFIGURATION (21MB drive)
- **************************************************************************
-
- To use the pre-selected configuration, follow the instructions below.
-
- 4. When the prompt appears:
-
- Are you dynamically configuring the drive - answer Y/N
-
- Type: N
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- The following prompt appears,
-
- Press "y" to begin formatting drive C with interleave 03
-
- CAUTION
-
- Do NOT start the low level format until you have a
- backup copy of the information on your hard disk. This warning
- usually applies to previously used hard disks.
-
- When you have a new hard disk, you usually do not
- have information to backup except in the case where your dealer
- installs some applications software on your unit.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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-
-
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- 5. To start the format for drive C with interleave 3,
-
- Type: Y
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- Then follow the instructions on your computer screen. When the format starts
- several messages may appear or you may see the word "formatting..."
-
- 6. The format process takes several minutes. The pre-selected configuration
- does not allow you to select to virtually split the drive.
-
- 7. At the prompt,
-
- Do you want to format bad tracks - answer Y/N
-
- See Appendix A section "Bad Tracks" for more information on the bad tracks
- option and instructions to select the bad tracks option. Normally, you can
- ignore the selection here.
-
- To ignore the bad tracks option,
-
- Type: N
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- When the format is complete, the following message displays:
-
- Format Successful
-
- If you have a second drive to format repeat the steps for the low level
- format. When you format the second drive, be sure to follow step 3B to switch
- the current drive from C to D.
-
- Otherwise, go to section "Final Steps" in this chapter.
-
- **************************************************************************
- USE DYNAMIC CONFIGURATION
- **************************************************************************
-
- To use the dynamic configuration and enter the disk drive parameters yourself,
- follow the instructions below.
-
- 4. When the prompt appears:
-
- Are you dynamically configuring the drive - answer Y/N
-
- Type: Y
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- The following prompt displays:
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Key in disk characteristics as follows: ccc h rrr ppp ee o
-
- where:
-
- ccc = total number of cylinders (1-4 digits)
- h = number of heads (1-2 digits)
- rrr = starting reduced write current cylinder (1-4 digits)
- ppp = write precomp cylinder (1-4 digits)
- ee = max correctable error burst length (1-2 digits), range (5-11
- bits), default 11 bits
- o = ccb option byte, step rate select, (1 hex digit), range = 0 to
- 7, default = 5
- refer to controller and drive specifications for step rates
-
-
- The values for total number of cylinders, number of heads, starting reduced
- write current cylinder, write precomp cylinder, and maximum correctable error
- burst length which you will enter are available from your hard disk drive
- manufacturer. Check the literature supplied by your hard disk drive
- manufacturer for these values.
-
- Table 3.1. Select ccb Option Byte
-
- ccb Step Rate ccb Step Rate
-
- 0 3 msec/step 4 207 nsec/step
- 1 51 nsec/step 5 75 nsec/step
- 2 63 nsec/step 6 27 nsec/step
- 3 12 nsec/step 7 12 nsec/step
-
- To determine the ccb option byte value, find the step rate from your drive
- literature and compare that step rate with Table 3-1. The ccb value is the
- single digit (between 0 and 7) that corresponds to your drive's step rate as
- listed in Table 3-1. When in doubt, use the default ccb value of 5.
-
- 5. Enter each value separated by a space and follow the completed
- entry by pressing the <Enter> key.
-
- EXAMPLE:
-
- For a ST 225 (Seagate model 225 hard disk drive)
- Type: 615 4 616 300 11 7
- Press <Enter>
-
- After you enter these values, you have to make another choice.
-
- -- do a virtual split
-
- -- skip the virtual split
-
- 6. When the following prompt displays:
-
- Are you virtually configuring the drive - answer Y/N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- See Appendix A section "Virtual Split" for more information on a virtual split
- and instructions to select the virtual split.
-
- To ignore the virtual split configuration,
-
- Type: N
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- The system displays the following prompt:
-
- Press "y" to begin formatting drive C with interleave 03
-
- Type: Y
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- Then follow the instructions on your computer screen. When the format starts
- several messages may appear or you may see the word "formatting..."
-
- 7. At the prompt,
-
- Do you want to format bad tracks - answer Y/N
-
- See Appendix A section "Bad Tracks" for more information on the bad tracks
- option and instructions to select the bad tracks option. Normally, you can
- ignore the selection here.
-
- To ignore the bad tracks option,
-
- Type: N
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- When the format is complete, the following message displays:
-
- Format Successful
-
- If you want to format a second drive, repeat the low level format steps. When
- you format the second drive, be sure to follow step 3B to switch the current
- drive from C to D. Otherwise you are done with this phase of the installation
- and can go to the next section, "Final Steps."
-
- **************************************************************************
- FINAL STEPS
- **************************************************************************
-
- After you complete the low level format on your hard disk drive, you need to
- partition your drive and do a high level format before you can use your hard
- disk for the first time. The DOS programs: FDISK and FORMAT do this.
-
- FDISK and FORMAT are usually located on the supplemental DOS diskette.
-
-
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- Partition Drive
-
- The FDISK program divides the drive into areas called partitions and prepares
- your hard disk for use with an operating system, such as MS-DOS. You can select
- one partition which takes up your entire disk or several partitions, each
- occupying a portion of the disk. Each unit can have its own operating system.
-
- FDISK Utility
-
- If you just completed the low level format, the DOS diskette is in your
- computer and the A> prompt is on your screen.
-
- To partition your hard disk with FDISK, follow the instructions below.
-
- 1. Be sure that the DOS diskette with FDISK is in drive A.
-
- 2. At the A> prompt,
-
- Type: FDISK
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- FDISK displays a series of menus. See your operating system manual for details.
- If in doubt, use the default values.
-
- Partition Second Disk Drive
-
- If you have two hard disk drives or created a virtual disk on your hard disk
- drive, then you must partition each drive or virtual disk.
-
- After you partition drive C, repeat the above steps. To partition drive D,
- select partition second hard disk from the menu.
-
- High Level Format
-
- As the final step to the software installation, you need to use the DOS FORMAT
- utility, which prepares the hard disk to accept MS-DOS files.
-
- The DOS utility program, FORMAT, will locate and mark as bad, media defects
- (bad tracks). Therefore if you did not mark the tracks bad during the low level
- format, this step does it for you automatically.
-
- FORMAT Switch "/S"
-
- FORMAT allows you to set certain "switches" which control various aspects of
- the procedure. The /s switch copies the operating system from the disk in the
- default drive (or the A drive) to the newly formatted disk.
-
- This allows you to start your operating system from your hard disk.
-
- To use the FORMAT utility and load the operating system onto your newly
- installed hard disk drive, follow the steps below.
-
-
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-
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- 1. Make sure that the diskette with FORMAT is in drive A.
-
- 2. At the A> prompt
-
- Type: FORMAT C:/S
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- Follow the instructions on the screen to complete the process. See your
- operating system manual for details.
-
- At this point your hard disk is fully initialized and the system can start DOS
- from your hard disk.
-
- High Level Format Second Disk Drive
-
- If you partitioned your hard disk drive into more than one virtual disk, you
- must format each virtual disk.
-
- After you format drive C, repeat the above steps to format drive D, except for
- the following instructions:
-
- At the A> prompt,
-
- Type: FORMAT D:
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- Follow the instructions on the screen to complete the process. See your
- operating system manual for details.
-
- You are now ready to go to the next chapter.
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- 4
-
- HOW TO CHECK YOUR INSTALLATION
-
- After you completed the hardware installation, software installation, and use
- the FDISK and FORMAT C:/S utilities, you are ready to start using your system.
-
- Start System From Hard Disk
-
- You are ready to start your system using your newly installed hard disk drive
- and WD1004A-WX1 board.
-
- Remember: You must remove the diskette from drive A or else the system will
- start from drive A.
-
- To start the system
-
- 1. Simultaneously press the <Ctrl> <Alt> <Del> keys.
-
- 2. The system should respond, several screens may flash, and
- finally the C>> prompt will appear.
-
- You may have to enter the date and time before the C>> prompt appears. This
- depends on how your system is set.
-
- Final Check
-
- As a final check, you will start the system after the power has been turned
- off.
-
- 1. Turn the computer OFF and wait 30 seconds.
-
- 2. Turn the computer power ON.
-
- 3. The system should respond, several screens may flash, and
- finally the C>> prompt will appear.
-
- You may have to enter the date and time before the C>> prompt appears. This
- depends on how your system is set.
-
- Installation Complete
-
- You are now done. The next time you can start your system from the hard disk.
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- 5
-
- HOW TO HANDLE PROBLEMS
-
- If you had a problem with your system, first re-read the instructions to be
- sure that you followed them correctly. Check that you typed information EXACTLY
- as instructed.
-
- Repeat the procedure a second time to verify that you get the same error, then
- check the next section, "If You Have a Problem."
-
- If You Have a Problem
-
- First check your physical installation. Check for reversed cables, an
- overloaded system power supply, incorrect drive selection, etc.
-
- This section lists some common problems and possible solutions to try if you
- have problems when you install your controller.
-
- PROBLEM: No response or blank screen during installation.
-
- SOLUTION: Change cables. Do NOT use floppy cables.
-
- PROBLEM: Winchester activity LED on front of drive is always on.
-
- SOLUTION: Check cable connections. Check that pin 1 is connected to
- pin 1 and if not reverse connection. Replace cables. Check whether
- the drive has malfunctioned.
-
- PROBLEM: "Nothing done exit" appears when you start the low level format
- program.
-
- SOLUTION: You did not press the <Y> key. Restart low level format
- at step 1.
-
- PROBLEM: "Error Reading Fixed Disk" when starting the system.
-
- SOLUTION: DOS partition not active. See FDISK instructions in your DOS
- manual.
-
- PROBLEM: "Hard Disk Drive Not Ready" or "01" Error Code.
-
- SOLUTION: System BIOS ROM does not support Winchester (WD1004A-WX1)
- controller and drive. Update system BIOS ROM. Overloaded power
- supply. Update system power supply.
-
- PROBLEM: Error code "80" while doing the low level format.
-
- SOLUTION: Drive select jumper on the hard disk drive unit is set incorrectly
- (see Chapter 1), or the cables are backwards, i.e., Pins 1 & 34
- switched or connector cables J2 & J3 switched. Also bad cables, no
- power to drive, or bad drive. Correct these problems.
-
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- PROBLEM: Error code "40" or "20" appears on screen.
-
- SOLUTION: Check cable connections. Check that pin 1 is connected to
- pin 1 and if not reverse connection. Replace cables. Check whether
- the drive has malfunctioned.
-
- PROBLEM: After you do a high level format (Format C:/S), the message
- "Insert disk and press ENTER." appears. The system thinks drive C
- is a floppy disk drive.
-
- SOLUTION: Computer motherboard switches are set for the incorrect number
- of floppy disk drives. Check to see if RAM disk drivers are present.
-
- PROBLEM: "Bad Track 0" using DOS 3.1.
-
- SOLUTION: Make a config.sys file with BUFFERS=99. Reboot to load the
- configuration.
-
- PROBLEM: "Bad Track 0" using DOS 2.1. (DOS 2.1 cannot support bad tracks
- beyond the 16.7 MB segment.)
-
- SOLUTION: Upgrade system to DOS 3.1 or LATER.
-
- PROBLEM: None of the suggestions seem to help.
-
- SOLUTION: Call your dealer.
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- A
-
- INSTALL A SECOND DRIVE ON AN EXISTING CONTROLLER
-
- This section tells you how to install a second fixed hard disk drive on an
- existing WD1004A-WX1 controller board. You do not have to remove the existing
- WD1004A-WX1 controller board,but you may have to remove the fixed hard disk so
- that you can remove the termination resistor. (This depends on the location of
- the fixed disk and the termination resistor.)
-
- Do not attempt to install your hardware unless you have compared your drive
- against the default drive parameters on page 1-2, and set the drive number and
- removed a termination resistor as explained starting on page 1-7.
-
- This installation requires you to remove the cover from your computer. See your
- computer manual for exact instructions on how to remove the cover.
-
- You need a 34-pin hard disk control cable in a daisy chain configuration and
- you also need a second 20-pin data cable.
-
- XT hardware limits you to two fixed hard disks. If you are installing a second
- drive on the WD1004A board, then the WD1004A board must be the only hard disk
- controller in your system.
-
- 1. Turn your computer power switch to OFF and unplug power cord.
-
- 2. Use a screwdriver to loosen the cover screws. Then remove the computer
- cover, so that you can see the expansion slots.
-
- 3. Place the new hard disk drive unit into the computer
- case and mount per the manufacturer's installation instructions.
-
- 4. Look and see which expansion slot has the WD1004A board.
- You may have to lift the WD1004A board out of the slot to access the
- connectors.
-
- 5. Check if your existing 34-pin wide control cable is
- a daisy chain cable. A daisy chain cable has 3 connectors. If the
- cable is not a daisy chain cable, then remove the 34-pin wide control
- cable from the WD1004A board and the existing hard disk drive unit.
- You will replace this cable with a daisy chain cable in the next step.
-
- Leave the 20-pin cable attached to the board and the drive unit.
-
- 6. Connect cables to new hard disk drive unit. Follow steps A, B, and C.
-
- You may have to leave the fastening screws on the drive case loose to
- connect the cables.
-
- Remember: Connect Pin 1 to Pin 1. Pin 1 of the cable connector is marked and is
- on the color coded edge of the cable. Pin 1 on the controller board is shown in
- Figure 1-1.
-
-
-
-
-
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-
-
-
-
-
-
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- A. (Omit this step if you are using an existing daisy chain cable)
- Connect the 34-pin (daisy chain wide control cable) end connector
- on the shorter cable section to the first hard disk drive unit's 34-pin
- connector.
-
-
- B. Connect the 34-pin middle connector on the shorter daisy
- chain cable section to the second hard disk drive unit's 34-pin connector.
-
- The longer cable section is unattached for now.
-
- C. Connect the second 20-pin data cable to the second hard
- disk drive unit's 20-pin connector.
-
- 7. Locate the internal 4-pin power connector(s) on your
- computer. See your computer manual. You need either two internal
- power connectors on your computer or you need a "Y" adapter to split
- the power cable.
-
- Connect the second drive unit to the second power connector
- plug or to the"Y" adapter.
-
-
- 8. Connect the free end of the 34-pin (wide control cable)
- connector to J1 on the controller board. Attach Pin 1 of the cable
- connector to Pin 1 on the controller board.
-
- Note: Pin 1 on the controller board is shown in Figure 1-1.
-
- 9. Connect the free end of the 20-pin data cable from the
- second drive to J3 on the WD1004A controller board. Attach Pin 1 on
- the cable to Pin 1 on the controller board.
-
- 10. Place extra cable lengths so that they are out of the way.
-
- CAUTION
-
- Do NOT pinch the cables when you arrange them inside
- your computer case. Do not let the cables lay between
- the cover and an internal board. Do not obstruct air
- flow from fans or vents.
-
-
- 11. Replace the computer cover, then the power cord. Your
- hardware controller installation is complete. However, your WD1004A
- controller board is really a complex circuit composed of both hardware
- and software, so that while the hardware installation is complete,
- you still need to install the software. Proceed to Chapter 3 for the
- software installation steps.
-
- Tighten hard disk unit to computer case, if not already done so in step 3.
-
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- **************************************************************************
- INTERLEAVE FACTOR
- **************************************************************************
-
- Interleave is a technique that allows the computer to read or write more than
- one sector per track during a single disk rotation. Example: An interleave
- factor of 3:1 means that after the disk rotates 3 times, the computer has
- accessed all the information on a track.
-
- The interleave factor is system dependent. For WD1004A-WX1 boards and XT
- compatible computers an interleave factor of 3 is the default. Do not select an
- interleave value less than 3 with the WD1004A-WX1 board.
-
- **************************************************************************
- VIRTUAL SPLIT
- **************************************************************************
-
- A virtual split is an "imaginary" dividing of the disk drive. When you do a
- virtual format, you make one physical drive appear as two or more disks to the
- system.
-
- DOS 2.0 allows a maximum of 16 megabytes per drive and DOS 2.1 permits 32
- megabytes per drive. No DOS version under 4.0 recognizes a drive greater than
- 32 megabytes. Therefore a 40 megabyte drive must be virtually split in order to
- use all 40 megabytes.
-
- If you have two physical hard disks, do not use the virtual split format.
-
- Select Virtual Split
-
- 6. To select the virtual configuration for your drive, answer the prompt,
-
- Are you virtually configuring the drive - answer Y/N
-
-
- Type: Y
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- The following prompt displays:
-
- Key in cylinder number for virtual drive split as vvvv...
- where:vvvv = number of cylinders for drive C: (1-4 digits)
-
- Enter the number of cylinders for drive C. (To calculate
- the cylinders, see page A-11.)
-
- Follow the completed entry by pressing the <Enter> key.
-
- The number you entered represents the number of cylinders on drive C. The
- remaining cylinders are assigned to drive D during the virtual split
- process.
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- The system displays the following prompt:
-
- Press "y" to begin formatting drive C with interleave 03
-
- Type: Y
-
- Press <Enter>
-
-
- 7. When the prompt to enter bad tracks displays, see the
- section on bad tracks. When the low level format is complete, the
- following message displays:
-
- Format Successful
-
-
- Do not use the low level format program on the second
- "virtual" drive. The virtual drive is formatted when you select the
- virtual format option. Go to section, "Final Steps," in Chapter 3.
-
-
- **************************************************************************
- BAD TRACKS
- **************************************************************************
-
- Because a hard disk is a physically manufactured item, it sometimes has
- physical defects. Each drive manufacturer tests their drives and gives you a
- bad track media list, when you purchase the drive. This bad track list is
- usually located on the top of the disk drive case. Locate this list before you
- answer the prompts.
-
- 7. During the format program, you are asked if you want
- to map the bad tracks by the following prompt:
-
- Do you want to format bad tracks - answer Y/N
-
- Because of the addressing method used by DOS, marking
- an entire track bad results in more than one sector being marked as
- bad. Since DOS limits the number of defects that it accepts, a drive
- with excessive media defects can cause the FORMAT program to terminate
- with an error, "TRACK 00 BAD - DRIVE UNUSABLE."
-
- Alternately, you can use the DOS utility program, FORMAT,
- to locate and mark as bad, media defects. Therefore we recommend that
- you do not mark the tracks bad; but if you decide that you want to
- mark the bad tracks, follow the steps below.
-
- Select Map Bad Tracks
-
- To map the bad tracks,
-
- Type: Y
-
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- The system displays the following prompt:
-
- Key in bad track list as follows: ccc h...
-
- where:
-
- ccc=bad track cylinder number
- h=bad track head number
-
- Enter each value separated by a space and follow the
- completed entry by pressing the <Enter> key.
-
- EXAMPLE:
-
- For a disk with a bad cylinder 160 on head 1 and bad
- cylinder 161 on head 3
-
- Type: 160 1 161 3
- Press <Enter>
-
- The bad tracks program displays the following prompt:
-
-
- More? Y/N
-
- To enter additional bad tracks.
-
- Type: Y
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- and enter more bad tracks.
-
- To terminate the bad tracks program,
-
- Type: N
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- Then the following displays:
-
- BAD TRACK MAP
-
- TRACK ADDR PROBLEM
-
- cccH USER-SUPPLIED
-
- When the format is completed, the message displays:
-
- Format Successful
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Now go to section "Final Steps" in Chapter 3, to partition your drive and do a
- high level format.
-
- BIOS ROM Incompatibility
-
- The following is a list of XT compatible computers which do not operate with
- the Western Digital BIOS ROM because of a system BIOS incompatibility. Because
- new computers are always being developed, Table A-1 may not be complete;
- however, it is the best list that we have available at this time.
-
- Table A-1. Computers Incompatible with BIOS
-
- Computer Model
-
- AT&T 6300
- AT&T 6300T
-
- If you have one of these computers, you must disable the BIOS ROM by placing a
- jumper resistor at R23 and check that integrated circuits U7 and U8 are NOT
- installed. When you do the low level format, skip the directions in this guide
- and instead follow your computer manufacturer's software installation
- instructions for low level formatting.
-
- **************************************************************************
- CALCULATE CYLINDER NUMBER (VIRTUAL SPLIT)
- **************************************************************************
-
- Frequently, when you do a virtual split on a drive you have the desire to
- control the size of each virtual drive. In order to do this, you need to know
- the number of cylinders in each drive. But since you plan to divide the drive
- into only two sections, you only need to know the size of the first drive.
-
- The size of the first disk or disk drive capacity is defined as the number of
- bytes available for a disk drive. Mathematically the drive capacity is defined
- as follows:
-
- drive capacity = (#cyl)(#heads)(#sectors/track)(sector
- size)
-
- where:
-
- # cyl = determined from the manufacturer or is calculated
- for virtual drives
- # heads = determined from the manufacturer
- #sectors = 26 (without translation) or 17 (with translation)
- sector size = 512 bytes
-
-
- EXAMPLE:
-
- To split a 50 megabyte disk drive with 615 cylinders and 6 heads into a 30
- megabyte drive and a 20 megabyte drive, you need to calculate the number of
- cylinders in a 30 megabyte drive.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- For a 30 megabyte drive:
-
- drive capacity = 30 megabytes = (30 megabytes) (1,048,576 bytes/ 1 megabyte)
- drive capacity = 31,457,280 bytes
-
- To calculate the number of cylinders for a drive, solve the drive capacity
- formula shown above for the number of cylinders. Be sure to use the correct
- units when you do your calculations.
-
- Calculation:
-
- (#cyl) = drive capacity
- (#heads)(#sectors/track)(sector size)
-
- For the example 30 megabyte drive with 6 heads, 26 sectors/track,
- and 512 bytes/sector
-
- (#cyl) = (30)(1,048,576)
- (6)(26)(512)
- = 393
-
- Thus to split the example 50 megabyte drive into a virtual 30 megabyte drive,
- enter 393 as the number of cylinders. It is not necessary to enter the number
- of cylinders for the 20 megabyte drive; they are automatically calculated.
-
- CAUTION
-
- Do NOT run IBM Diagnostics on the first logical drive.
- If you do, then you will DESTROY all information on the second
- logical drive.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- B
-
- JUMPERS
-
- The WD1004A-WX1 board has a row of jumper posts at W17 to W22 and W25 to W28.
- Adding a jumper shorting plug or bar at any of these locations, selects a
- hardware configurations that is different from the default value selected by
- Western Digital.
-
- Thus you can change these jumper settings to match your special hardware
- configuration.
-
- -- Jumper Functions (W17 to W22, R23, and W25 to W28)
-
- -- The following list explains the jumper functions.
-
- -- W17 & W18 selects factory drive tables for the first hard disk
-
- -- W19 & W20 selects factory drive tables for the second hard disk
-
- -- W21 and W22 select the controller and BIOS address ranges
-
- -- R23 enables or disables the Western Digital BIOS ROM on the WD1004A
- board
-
- -- W25 and W26 always OUT
-
- -- W27 sets the hardware interrupt (IRQ) value for the hard disk drive
-
- -- W28 allows the controller to operate with an XT computer when the
- jumper is OUT
-
- -- Default Values
-
-
- Tables B-1 through B-4 list the jumper settings. Default factory settings are
- marked with a "*" symbol.
-
- Table First Drive Second Drive Capacity Heads Cylinders
- Number W17 W18 W19 W20
-
- 0 in in in in 21MB 4 612
- 1 out in out in 10MB 4 306
- 2 in out in out 10MB 2 615
- 3* out out out out 21MB 4 615
-
- Table B-1. Pre-selected Drive Tables
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- W21 W22 Controller BIOS
-
- out* out* 320-323 C8000-C9FFF
- in out 324-327 CA000-CBFFF
- out in 328-32B CC000-CDFFF
- in in 32C-32F CE000-CFFFF
-
- Table B-2 Select Controller and BIOS Ranges
-
-
-
- R23 Select BIOS
-
- in disable Western Digital BIOS (allows external BIOS selection)
- out* enable Western Digital BIOS (selects internal BIOS)
-
- Table B-3. Select BIOS ROM
-
-
- W27 Select IRQ
-
- in selects IRQ2
- out* selects IRQ5
-
- Table B-4. Select Hardware Interrupt (IRQ)
-
-
- How To Change Jumpers
-
- To change a jumper, you need to either add or remove a tiny jumper plug or bar.
-
- These jumper plugs or bars are not supplied by Western Digital. You need to
- purchase them separately. The jumper plugs are available at most electrical
- suppliers. A typical jumper plug is Berg P/N 76438-101.
-
- Note that the factory default settings have the jumpers out (i.e., not
- installed).
-
- EXAMPLE
-
- The WD1004A controller board is set for IRQ5. If you have a system that already
- is using IRQ5>, then you will have to change the WD1004A board's IRQ value. You
- do this by changing the W27 jumper setting from the default value IRQ5 to IRQ2.
- See Table B-4.
-
- To change the jumper setting to select IRQ2 rather than the default IRQ5 value,
- requires that you first obtain a tiny jumper plug.
-
- To change the jumper setting from the default value at W27 (out), take the
- jumper plug and place it across the jumper posts at W27 (in).
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- How To Change Jumper Resistors
-
- While the jumper positions at locations W17 to W22 and W25 to W28 contain a row
- of jumper posts, the jumper position at location R23 is actually occupied by a
- jumper resistor. A jumper resistor differs from a jumper post and shorting
- bar/plug combination.
-
- A jumper resistor only has a flat set of electrical connections or contact
- points. You can easily identify the jumper resistor locations by the holes
- which go through the controller board; whereas a jumper post and shorting
- bar/plug combination actually contains metal posts that go above the board's
- surface.
-
- R23 is the only jumper resistor position on your controller board.
-
- CAUTION
-
- Do not attempt to change the jumper resistor at R23
- unless you know how to solder electrical connections.
- Contact your dealer for advice on soldering jumper resistors.
-
-
- To add a jumper resistor, you can solder 24 gauge wire to the contact points at
- R23.
-
- To remove a jumper that has been soldered into place at R23, you can use a
- soldering iron to remove the connection at R23 or you can cut the jumper
- resistor wire using a small wire cutter.
-
-
- Doc. No. 79-000368
-
- Western Digital
- 2445 McCabe Way
- Irvine, CA 92714
- (800) 777-4787 (714) 863-0102
- FAX (714) 863-1656 TLX 910-595-1139
-
- WD0043S 2/89
-
-